We did a little research on the origins of this dish, and discovered nothing quite like it, but a whole genre of variations.
From European Jews comes Lox, a brined, generally Atlantic Salmon, cold-smoked and sliced thinly. The variation of this is Nova, similar to Lox, but with a thinner brine. Both variations use cold smoke: a technique where smoke is created in one chamber, cooled, and piped into a second chamber, away from the heat. It typically calls for the temperature of the smoke to be less than 90 degrees F, when it hits the flesh to be smoked. This is an expensive proposition unless someone jury-rigs something up, and then it takes a lot of time and constant vigilance.
A second way things are done is the Norwegian gravlax, again an Atlantic Salmon, covered in salt, and spices (typically Juniper is one of the spices). This is then placed under some weight. This variation is not smoked, the salt crust cures it.
Out in the Pacific Northwest, the Native Americans used a practice similar to Gravlax, but they would hot smoke the salmon until it became hard, like jerky. Hot smoking, is what happens in ‘low and slow’ barbeque, where you let the food cook and smoke under indirect heat. The smoke is hot, so ultimately the food is fully cooked when it leave the barbeque. Typically, the Natives would butterfly the salmon, and smoke it butterflied.
What we will do in this recipe is to mix it all together, with a spice and salt crusting, followed by smoking. Unlike the natives however, we only smoke the fish until it’s flaky.
A note on selection: We typically use the fattest of salmon for this, this is, for us, generally a sockeye salmon, originating from the Copper or Yukon rivers of Alaska. You will so just fine with most salmon (at least taste-wise), so let your regional selection, and personal choice prevail.
Likewise: the wood used in smoking is important. Don’t use anything but real untreated hardwood. Plywood, and fiberboard use glues, which do not taste good when burned. Softwoods, like fir and pine, have resins, when burned, leave a bad-tasting tar. And many pressure treated woods contain arsenic, which is poisonous when used in this manner. We typically use either cedar or alder, which enhance the flavor of salmon. You might be able to find this as scrap wood at your local home depot, and it’s no crime to use it (at least one brand of lump charcoal uses lumberyard waste like this as source wood for their lump).
This dish is probably safe to eat even after a week in the refrigerator. We say probably, because, typically nothing of the fish is left after 2 days, as it gets eaten quickly.
Note: this dish has a preparation time of two days, mostly unattended, so if you are making it for a backyard event, plan ahead.
[spoiler effect="phase" show="Show ingredient list" hide="Hide ingredient list"]1/2 cup kosher salt
1/2 cup sugar
1 teaspoon pink salt
1 teaspoon ground pepper
1 teaspoon ground allspice
1 teaspoon ground bay leaf
1/2 teaspoon ground clove
1/2 teaspoon ground mace
1 1/2 pound salmon fillet, with skin, but pinbones removed
1 1/2 tablespoon rum[/spoiler]
1. The cure:
Mix all dry ingredients. Find a container large enough for the salmon. It should be tight-fitting. Place half of the dry mix evenly in the container. Place the salmon, skin side down, into the container, and put the rest of the dry mix on the fish. Sprinkle the rum on top, apply plastic wrap, and apply about four pounds of weight. Refrigerate this for a day and a half. A large amount of liquid will escape from the fish, and the fish will firm up.
After about a day and a half, take the fish and rinse off the salt and spices with water. Dry the fish with a dry towel or paper, and leave it for a few hours. What we are looking for is a pellicle to form. A pellicle is a thin, slightly sticky film. The pellicle will attract the smoke, and the stickiness will allow the smoke to adhere to the fish.
2. Smoke
Prep the barbeque: we are looking for a low indirect heat. On our barbeque, 200 degrees F is about as low as if gets without some help. To help lower the temperature further, we have to cool things down some more. What we use to do this is a pan full of ice under the fish, on the cold side of the barbeque. This will allow us to smoke the salmon longer than expected, without the risk of the salmon overcooking. The salmon will cook, skin side down, and smoke for two hours. After an hour, remove the water in the ice tray, and replace with more ice.
Once it’s flaky, remove and serve. The best things we know of with this are: copper river barbeque sauce (the subject of a future
blog), grilled veggies, and rice. The skin is easily removed, if you’d like to serve this as cuisine, or leave the skin on and eat the salmon with the skin as food.
Now that it is here, time to eat. This is best served with a Copper River Barbeque sauce (a topic for a future blog post), grilled zucchini, wine, beer, either rice or whole grain bread. (I once had something similar to a Boston brown bread with it), and good company. Life gets no better than this.
Try this sometime, and savor the bounty of the sea, and the great foods that come from it.